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LegalTPL

Third-Party Liability

Insurance coverage for damage caused to parties other than the insured operator.

Third-party liability insurance is mandatory under most space regulations.

Coverage Scope

  • Property damage
  • Personal injury
  • Environmental damage

Legal basis

  • Set by national space law (e.g. France LOS Art. 6: amount fixed in the authorisation within EUR 50-70M; Austria Weltraumgesetz § 4(4): EUR 60M per claim)
  • The EU Space Act proposal (COM(2025) 335) contains no operator insurance duty

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Third-Party Liability (TPL) - Definition | Space Compliance Glossary | Caelex — Regulatory OS for the orbital economy