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EU Space Regulation: The EU Space Act & NIS2

The EU is developing a comprehensive space regulatory framework through the proposed EU Space Act and the already-applicable NIS2 Directive. This EU-level approach complements national space laws and establishes common standards across member states.

National Space Law

EU Space Act (Proposed Regulation)

  • •Common authorization framework for EU operators
  • •Cybersecurity requirements under NIS2
  • •Space debris mitigation standards
  • •Space traffic management coordination
  • •EU Space Programme integration (Galileo, Copernicus, GOVSATCOM)

National Competent Authority (NCA)

EUSPA/National NCAs

EU Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) + National Competent Authorities

Authorization Requirements

  • Authorization from National Competent Authority (NCA)
  • Compliance with EU Space Act standards
  • NIS2 cybersecurity measures for essential entities
  • Debris mitigation per EU standards
  • Insurance per national requirements

Insurance & Liability

The proposed EU Space Act (COM(2025) 335, not in force) contains no third-party liability insurance obligation for operators; its only insurance rule concerns professional indemnity cover for threat-led penetration testers (Art. 88(3)). National insurance requirements apply.

Key Differences from EU Space Act

COM(2025) 335 is a Commission proposal, not adopted law. National space laws and NIS2 remain the binding layers today. If adopted, the Act would add common Union standards while Member States may keep stricter national rules in some areas.

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Caelex Coverage

Relevant compliance modules for European Union:

authorizationcybersecuritynis2debris mitigationsupervisioninsurance

Other Jurisdictions

GermanyFranceUnited KingdomLuxembourgNetherlandsView all jurisdictions →

Related Jurisdictions Resources

Compare Jurisdictions

Side-by-side comparison of space law requirements across 10 European jurisdictions.

France (CNES)

French space law (LOS) and CNES licensing requirements.

Germany

German space law: SatDSiG, planned Weltraumgesetz (key points 2024) and BNetzA oversight.

United Kingdom

UK Space Industry Act and CAA licensing.

Luxembourg

Luxembourg space law including space resources legislation.

Netherlands

Dutch Space Activities Act and ILT supervision.

EU Space Regulation: The EU Space Act & NIS2 | Caelex